The gas network connects manufacturers, processors, storage, transmission and distributors. Gas distribution describes pipeline gas supply (usually methane, although Town-Gas is used in some regions including mixtures of hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide) to industrial, commercial, and housing sectors. Gas is used for heating, heating and cooking. A network of pipelines, storage facilities, pressure stations and regulater agencies ensures the availability of this resource. These network operators are responsible for their safe operations, including the search and repair of reported leaks.
Methane is flammable at levels from 4.4% vol (lower explosive limit – LEL) and 15% vol (Upper explosive limit – UEL). Methane at high concentrations can replace the space of oxygen at levels above UEL, especially in limited spaces. Hypoxia can cause asphyxiation and loss of consciousness. It can also cause headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of coordination.
With more than 40 years of experience in gas detection and a network of trained distributors and service agents, supporting Gas Distribution customers worldwide, the end users have chosen Crowcon equipment including international gas distribution companies as well as regional suppliers.
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| Detection of gas leakage in gas distribution pipeline system |
Area above the pipeline
Process overview
- The majority of tube supplies and services are underground, sometimes this is not true. For example, crossing railways, rivers or main roads. In some areas, gas supply pipelines are also located on either side of the building, reducing the risk of leakage to the extent permitted.
Gas detection
- Underground pipes bring challenges related to leak detection and leak repair processes. They are of an “out-of-reach” nature and are often in extremely difficult-to-reach areas, sometimes with limited access or blocked entrances. In order to effectively carry out inspections, lifting equipment is often used to ensure the safety of employees performing this task. It’s really expensive and putting employees in an area that’s potentially highly dangerous.Gas leak detectors that are capable of detecting at long distances even when the smallest incidents improve performance, while ensuring employee safety.
Area to monitor pressure
Process overview
- Gas goes from level equipment through a high-pressure transmission system, then through a medium and low pressure distribution network to reach consumers. Air compressor stations and pressure reducing devices in this system regularly have to control the pressure.
- The compressor station is one of the most important components of the natural gas transportation system; There compressed gas allows it to pass through the pipe. Air compressor stations typically lie about 40 to 70 miles (64 to 112 km) each along the network to increase additional pressure that is lost through the friction of natural gas moving through the pipes; However this depends on the region and conditions. Air compressor stations are also responsible for maintaining gases, including filters, filters or separation filters, removing liquids, dirt, particles and other impurities. Other hydrocarbons can also condate in the gas as it moves, which is also removed.
Gas detection
- Pressure management stations are the complex installation of compressors, filters, cooling systems and shock reducer. The majority of the equipment is located on the ground and consists of valves and connectors and flanges.
- Infrared gas detectors are suitable for this environment, where high amounts of gas can occur that can damage traditional sensors to measure LEL levels. In addition, gas sampling systems are also used in this case.
- Employees can carry handheld flammable gas detectors as well as use tools to leak for routine LDAR (leakage and leak repair) operations or during known leakage checks. In this regard, keeping employees away from potential risks is of the most important thing.
Gas storage area
Process overview
- Storage plays an important role in maintaining the reliability of the supplies needed to meet user needs and can be stored for an unknown period of time. Gas is stored to ensure availability and enhanced supply requirements, e.g. during the winter months when use increases. The warehouse can be below or above ground and is usually located near the center of the area.
Gas detection
- Maintaining the integrity of storage facilities is of critical importance, early warning of any leakage that improves the safety of the facility and those who live or work around it.Fixed gas detection focuses on flanges and any potential weaknesses that may allow on-site alerts as well as actions to regulate gas flow.
- Although there is usually no manager, any employee visiting or working on site should conduct a specific operational risk assessment. Any activities including welding, welding, cutting and welding must be guaranteed to have a work permit, and require the use of individual areas and detectors to maintain a safe working atmosphere.
- Leak positioning equipment capable of surveying large areas as well as complex pipes, which are normally out of reach, quickly and without endangering users is important in this environment.
Gas filling station area
Process overview
- In recent years, the number of gas-fueled vehicles – and the number of stations – has increased sharply. A major challenge for this issue is environmental issues. Compared to traditional fuels (e.g. gasoline and diesel) the use of natural gas to operate cars leads to lower emissions, such as soot and sulphur dioxide both decreasing. It also avoids the production of nitrogen oxides and nitrogen dioxide, which are increasingly recognized as causes of health problems in cities due to the prevalvalion of diesel engines.
Gas detection
- The storage of these gases creates additional challenges for the fuel station compared to liquid fuels. There are many specific guidelines on the safe storage and disposal of this flammable gas, as well as general regulations regarding gas and flammable vapors.
- Anyone responsible for gas fuel stations must ensure that appropriate systems are installed to detect any gas leakage and address it before there is a risk of explosion. The detector is located at potential hazard points in the distribution system, such as pipes and compression stations, contributing to ensuring the safety of the installation.
Low pressure distribution area
Process overview
- Phase two distribution includes the final pressure reducing process and pipes used to transport gas to homes as well as commercial and industrial facilities. The adjuster is used to control the flow that reduces the pressure on the supply line. Exhaust valves are installed on gas pipelines to reduce danger, if the pipe becomes over-pressure and the regulating sets act as an additional safety measure.
- Pipes are usually located below the ground, however in some areas this is impossible. Historically, pipes made of cast iron, over time have become less reliable. Many regions are replacing these pipes with more modern plastic solutions. Gas operators regularly survey pipelines to ensure integrity as well as respond to exhaust reports.
Gas detection
- Handheld gas detectors are often used to protect employees performing both routine pipeline inspections as well as emergency response teams. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that has not been formed during incomplete combustion of any type of carbon fuel (e.g. natural gas or methane).
trans by TESIN VIETNAM
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